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Prof. Dr.-Ing. Matthias Huber

Fakultät European Campus Rottal-Inn

Professor:innen

Professor

EC 2.04

0991/3615-8911

Sprechzeiten

siehe Consultation Hours in Ilearn: https://ilearn.th-deg.de/course/view.php?id=14504 (normalerweise Dienstags 9:00-9:45)

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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Kueppers. M.
  • S. Paredes Pineda
  • M. Metzger
  • Matthias Huber
  • S. Paulus
  • H. Heger
  • S. Niessen

Decarbonization pathways of worldwide energy systems – Definition and modeling of archetypes

In: Applied Energy vol. 285 pg. 116438.

  • (2021)

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116438

Energy system models help to find the optimal technology mixes for decarbonization strategies in countries worldwide. To reduce the modeling effort and analyze as many countries as possible, this paper proposes a novel approach of energy system archetypes which can be directly evaluated. These archetypes classify similar countries worldwide independently from their geographic location. Advantages of this idea are the setup of a transferable global database allowing for data reconstruction between countries, market size estimations, and the ability to compare peer countries facing similar challenges. To enable such modeling, a framework is developed in which the archetypes are defined, standardized modeling rules are developed, and the results are evaluated for validation. In a benchmark against simple geographic classifications, the presented clustering approach, which results in 15 archetypes, improves the variance between all countries and their corresponding archetypes by 44% compared to the variance between the countries and their geographic sub-regions. The model results of these archetypes state the need of balancing technologies for the daily cycle of photovoltaic generation and the general importance of flexibility in future decarbonized energy systems. Overall, the results confirm that archetypes are an adequate approach to derive the set of solutions for the decarbonization of worldwide countries.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • M. Metzger
  • M. Duckheim
  • M. Franken
  • H. Heger
  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Knittel
  • T. Kolster
  • M. Kueppers
  • C. Meier
  • D. Most
  • S. Paulus
  • L. Wyrwoll
  • A. Moser
  • S. Niessen

Pathways toward a Decarbonized Future—Impact on Security of Supply and System Stability in a Sustainable German Energy System

In: Energies vol. 14 pg. 560.

  • (2021)

DOI: 10.3390/en14030560

Pathways leading to a carbon neutral future for the German energy system have to deal with the expected phase-out of coal-fired power generation, in addition to the shutdown of nuclear power plants and the rapid ramp-up of photovoltaics and wind power generation. An analysis of the expected impact on electricity market, security of supply, and system stability must consider the European context because of the strong coupling—both from an economic and a system operation point of view—through the cross-border power exchange of Germany with its neighbors. This analysis, complemented by options to improve the existing development plans, is the purpose of this paper. We propose a multilevel energy system modeling, including electricity market, network congestion management, and system stability, to identify challenges for the years 2023 and 2035. Out of the results, we would like to highlight the positive role of innovative combined heat and power (CHP) solutions securing power and heat supply, the importance of a network congestion management utilizing flexibility from sector coupling, and the essential network extension plans. Network congestion and reduced security margins will become the new normal. We conclude that future energy systems require expanded flexibilities in combination with forward planning of operation.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Matthias Huber
  • N. Namockel
  • R. Rezgui
  • M. Küppers
  • H. Heger

Electrification seeds – A flexible approach for decentralized electricity supply in developing countries

In: Energy for Sustainable Development vol. 62 pg. 176-185.

  • (2021)

DOI: 10.1016/j.esd.2021.04.001

There are currently more than 500 million people without access to electricity on the African continent alone. With an expected strong population growth and the global goals for reducing carbon emissions, the challenge of providing electricity for all is tremendous. We present an approach that tackles electrification bottom-up in a decentral approach from so-called electrification seeds: Business owners or public institutions that invest in an electricity system to ensure reliable electricity supply for themselves may serve as a seed by also selling electricity in their surroundings via mini- or microgrids. This approach will allow for cheaper solutions due to economies of scale. While private households can also be addressed by simple solutions e.g. solar home systems, the power of the “electrification seed” approach is that it can also provide enough secure power for small and medium enterprises (SME) and thus drive economic development. It is important to address the individual environment of the respective electrification seed, since there is no standard solution. To do so, the method includes an entire toolchain from estimating demands and structures with satellite data and Geographic Information System (GIS) software over employing an energy system model for finding the optimal technological design. As a last step, the viability of the electrification seed concept is verified with an exemplary business plan. The results show positive business cases for the electrification seed and a reduction of electricity costs for end-customers by 11.3 %. Altogether, this gives a very optimistic outlook of the suggested approach to support the great challenge of sustainable electrification for economic growth in developing countries.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Kueppers. M.
  • C. Perau
  • M. Franken
  • H. Heger
  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Metzger
  • S. Niessen

Data-Driven Regionalization of Decarbonized Energy Systems for Reflecting Their Changing Topologies in Planning and Optimization

In: Energies vol. 13 pg. 4076.

  • (2020)

DOI: 10.3390/en13164076

The decarbonization of energy systems has led to a fundamental change in their topology since generation is shifted to locations with favorable renewable conditions. In planning, this change is reflected by applying optimization models to regions within a country to optimize the distribution of generation units and to evaluate the resulting impact on the grid topology. This paper proposes a globally applicable framework to find a suitable regionalization for energy system models with a data-driven approach. Based on a global, spatially resolved database of demand, generation, and renewable profiles, hierarchical clustering with fine-tuning is performed. This regionalization approach is applied by modeling the resulting regions in an optimization model including a synthesized grid. In an exemplary case study, South Africa’s energy system is examined. The results show that the data-driven regionalization is beneficial compared to the common approach of using political regions. Furthermore, the results of a modeled 80% decarbonization until 2045 demonstrate that the integration of renewable energy sources fundamentally changes the role of regions within South Africa’s energy system. Thereby, the electricity exchange between regions is also impacted, leading to a different grid topology. Using clustered regions improves the understanding and analysis of regional transformations in the decarbonization process.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • C. Müller
  • T. Falke
  • A. Hoffrichter
  • L. Wyrwoll
  • C. Schmitt
  • M. Trageser
  • A. Schnettler
  • M. Metzger
  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Küppers
  • D. Most
  • S. Paulus
  • H. Heger

Integrated Planning and Evaluation of Multi-Modal Energy Systems for Decarbonization of Germany

In: Energy Procedia vol. 158 pg. 3482-3487.

  • (2019)

DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.923

For a successful realization of the energy transition and a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, an integrated view of multiple energy sectors (electricity, heat and mobility) is necessary. The coupling of different energy sectors is seen as an option to achieve the climate goals in a cost-effective way. In this paper, a methodical approach for multi-modal energy system planning and technology impact evaluation is presented. A key feature of the model is a coupled consideration of sectors electricity, heat and mobility. Energy demands, conversion and storage technologies in households, the Commerce, Trade and Services (CTS) area and the industry are modelled employing a bottom-up modelling approach. The model can be used for the calculation of a detailed transition pathway of energy systems taking into account politically defined climate goals. Based on these calculations, in-depth analyses of energy markets as well as transmission and distribution grids can be performed.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Zeitschriftenartikel

  • C. Müller
  • A. Hoffrichter
  • L. Wyrwoll
  • C. Schmitt
  • M. Trageser
  • T. Kulms
  • D. Beulertz
  • M. Metzger
  • M. Durckheim
  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Küppers
  • D. Most
  • S. Paulus
  • H. Heber
  • A. Schnettler

Modeling framework for planning and operation of multi-modal energy systems in the case of Germany

In: Applied Energy vol. 250 pg. 1132-1146.

  • (2019)

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.05.094

In order to reach the goals of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, a stepwise reduction of energy related greenhouse gas emissions as well as an increase in the share of renewable energies is necessary. For a successful realization of these changes in energy supply, an integrated view of multiple energy sectors is necessary. The coupling of different energy sectors is seen as an option to achieve the climate goals in a cost-effective way. In this paper, a methodical approach for multi-modal energy system planning and technology impact evaluation is presented. A key feature of the model is a coupled consideration of the sectors electricity, heat, fuel and mobility. The modeling framework enables system planners to optimally plan future investments in a detailed transition pathway of the energy system of a country, considering politically defined climate goals. Based on these calculations, in-depth analyses of energy markets as well as electrical transmission and distribution grids can be performed using the presented optimization models. Energy demands, conversion and storage technologies in households, the Commerce, Trade and Services (CTS) area and the industry are modeled employing a bottom-up modeling approach. The results for the optimal planning of the German energy system until 2050 show that the combination of an increased share of renewable energies and the direct electrification of heat and mobility sectors together with the use of synthetic fuels are the main drivers to achieve the climate goals in a cost-efficient way.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • O. Walter
  • Matthias Huber
  • Kueppers. M.
  • A. Tremel
  • S. Becker

Energy system design for deep decarbonization of a sunbelt city by using a hybrid storage approach

In: Proceedings of the 13th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference 2019 (IRES 2019). null (Atlantis Highlights in Engineering) pg. 183-190.

  • (2019)
With continuously falling cost of renewable power generation and ambitious decarbonization targets, renewable sources are about to rival fossil fuels for energy supply. For a high share of fluctuating renewable generation, large-scale energy storage is likely to be required. In addition to selling electricity, the reliable supply of heat and cold is a further interesting revenue pool, which makes hybrid storage technologies an interesting option. The main feature of hybrid energy storage – as defined here - is to offer charging and especially discharging in different forms of energy by combining different charging, discharging and storage devices. They can address various demands (e.g. electricity and cold) simultaneously. Two hybrid storages, pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) and power-to-heat-to-x (x: heat and/or electricity) energy storage (PHXES), are investigated based on a techno-economic analysis within this work. Both hybrid storage technologies are charged with electricity and can supply heat and electricity during discharging. They are implemented into a simplified energy system model of a prototype city in the earth’s sunbelt in the year 2030 to find a cost-optimal configuration. Different cases are evaluated: a power-to-power case (P2P), where only an electric demand must be addressed and a power-to-power-and-cooling (P2P&C) case, where the electric demand from the P2P case is divided into a residual electric demand and a cooling demand. For both cases, a natural gas-based benchmark scenario and a decarbonized, renewable-based scenario including the hybrid energy storage technologies are calculated. Both, total expenditures and CO2 emissions are lower in the P2P&C scenarios compared to P2P scenarios. PHXES plays a major role in both cases. PTES is part of the cost-optimal solution in the P2P&C decarb scenario, only if its specific cost are further decreased.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • D. Husarek
  • S. Paulus
  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Metzger
  • S. Niessen

The Contribution of Carbon- Optimized Battery Electric Vehicle Charging to the Decarbonization of a Multi-Modal Energy System

  • (2019)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • M. Küppers
  • M. Metzger
  • Matthias Huber
  • S. Paulus

Archetypes of Country Energy Systems

pg. 1-6.

  • (2019)

DOI: 10.1109/PTC.2019.8810765

Global challenges as decarbonization, the integration of renewables or an increasing electrification are confronting countries worldwide. Based on an analysis of different energy system models, archetypes of country energy systems are identified as an approach to simplify modeling the global challenges for most countries around the world. Applying a modified K-means algorithm to a broad and transparent data basis of socio-economic, geographic/climatic and energy-related data leads to the definition of the archetypes. An exemplary clustering of 140 countries generating 15 archetypes underlines the existence of patterns in energy systems, which can e.g. be characterized by the climatic circumstances or the energy mix. Overall the archetypes represent a possibility to summarize countries on a global level, leading to a simplified modeling process of countries in energy system models, providing a common data basis for models and identifying common challenges of different countries.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • K. Siala
  • E. Baik
  • Matthias Huber
  • T. Hamacher
  • S. Benson

Optimizing the Californian Power System according to the Renewable Portfolio Standards for 2030 and beyond

  • (2018)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Matthias Huber
  • S. Schüller
  • M. Stöckli
  • K. Wohlrabe

Maschinelles Lernen in der ökonomischen Forschung

In: ifo Schnelldienst (Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, München) vol. 71 pg. 50-53.

  • (2018)
In der empirischen Wirtschaftsforschung steigt die Anzahl der Publikationen, die mit Methoden des maschinellen Lernens arbeiten. Dennoch scheint eine gewisse Skepsis zu bestehen. Ein Kritikpunkt ist, dass sich maschinelles Lernen zwar für Vorhersagen eignet, aber keine kausalen Zusammenhänge identifizieren kann. In den vergangenen Jahren hat sich die Forschung jedoch verstärkt mit diesem Problem auseinandergesetzt, und es wurden zahlreiche Fortschritte erzielt. Maschinelles Lernen hat daher das Potenzial, in Zukunft in der Wirtschaftsforschung an Bedeutung zu gewinnen.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • N. Vespermann
  • Matthias Huber
  • S. Paulus
  • M. Metzger
  • T. Hamacher

The Impact of Network Tariffs on PV Investment Decisions by Consumers

pg. 1-5.

  • (2018)

DOI: 10.1109/EEM.2018.8469944

The increasing amount of self-produced energy reduces the customer base of network utilities. Assuming constant grid costs, network charges have to be increased in systems applying volumetric network tariffs. In order to understand the cost recovery problem of utilities, it is crucial to analyze consumers' PV investment and operation decisions as sources of self-produced energy. This work proposes a mathematical framework that determines PV investment by consumers subject to the day-ahead market. Volumetric and capacity network tariffs are considered, which are altered by consumers' day-ahead market demand. The optimal PV investment from a central planner's perspective serves as a benchmark. The results show that a volumetric network tariff incentivizes inefficient investments in distributed PV systems, which causes all consumers' energy costs to increase. In contrast, a capacity network tariff reduces these incentives as consumers cannot offset their expected burden of network costs by installing PV systems.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • T. Deetjen
  • M. Webber
  • Matthias Huber

Optimizing capacity extensions in power systems: A case study of Bavaria and a comparison to Texas

pg. 1-6.

  • (2017)

DOI: 10.1109/EEM.2017.7981908

As the German Energiewende policy enters the latter stages of its goal to dismantle the country's nuclear power plant fleet, the southern state of Bavaria must decide how it will replace its nuclear generation capacity. This study extends a renewable capacity expansion model that was initially developed to find optimal extensions of wind and solar generation and transmission for Texas, United States. Here, additional options for the development of the Bavarian electricity supply are added: combined-heat-and-power (CHP), improving transmission connections to the non-Bavarian German generator fleet, and constructing new natural gas combined cycle (CCGT) power plants within Bavaria. The model's solution suggests that an optimal mix includes 3.5 GW of transmission to the non-Bavarian generator fleet, 6.0 to 9.5 GW of new CCGT capacity, and 8.5 to 10.0 GW of transmission capacity to the on-shore wind resources of the Schleswig-Holstein state in northern Germany, depending on the CO 2 price. Compared to the model results for Texas, Bavaria's system is less sensitive to a CO 2 price in both the optimal system configuration and the resulting emissions. While Texas emissions can be reduced by 55% with a CO 2 price increase from 10 to 100 $/ton, the reduction in Bavaria is only 28% with a price increase from 0 to 100 EUR/ton.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • R. Brandenberg
  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Silbernagl

The summed start-up costs in a unit commitment problem

In: EURO Journal on Computational Optimization vol. 5 pg. 203-238.

  • (2017)

DOI: 10.1007/s13675-016-0062-2

We consider the sum of the incurred start-up costs of a single unit in a Unit Commitment problem. Our major result is a correspondence between the facets of its epigraph and some binary trees for concave start-up cost functions CU, which is bijective if CU is strictly concave. We derive an exponential H-representation of this epigraph, and provide an exact linear separation algorithm. These results significantly reduce the integrality gap of the Mixed Integer formulation of a Unit Commitment Problem compared to current literature.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Optimizing the Californian Power System according to the Renewable Portfolio Standards for 2030 and Beyond

Stanford University, Global Climate and Energy Project Stanford, CA, USA

  • 2016 (2016)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
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Bericht/Report

  • T. Hamacher
  • T. Hartmann
  • K. Siala
  • Matthias Huber
  • P. Kuhn
  • L. Stolle

Gesicherte Stromversorgung in Bayern . Technischer Bericht im Auftrag des Bayerischen Staatsministeriums für Wirtschaft, Landesentwicklung und Energie

Lehrstuhl für Erneuerbare und Nachhaltige Energiesysteme

  • 2016 (2016)
Kernenergie ist nach wie vor eine wichtige Säule der Stromversorgung in Bayern. Im Jahr 2013 betrug ihr Beitrag noch knapp die Hälfte der gesamten Bruttostromerzeugung. Damit stellt sich die Frage, wie die Stromversorgung in Bayern nach Stilllegung aller Kernkraftwerke bis zum Jahr 2022 sichergestellt werden kann. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden vier verschiedene Möglichkeiten anhand von Szenarien analysiert, die aus technischer Sicht grundsätzlich denkbar sind: Bau von HGÜ Leitungen, Bau von Gaskraftwerken, Ausbau der Erneuerbaren Energien, sowie dezentraler Ausbau von KWK-Anlagen. Für jedes Szenario wurde dabei zunächst mittels eines Optimierungsmodells die kostengünstigste Betriebsweise aller Kraftwerke im europäischen Verbundnetz unter Berücksichtigung von Einschränkungen durch die zugrunde gelegte Infrastruktur berechnet. Diese Daten bilden die Grundlage für einen Vergleich der Optionen anhand verschiedener Kriterien. Sofern keine zusätzlichen Kraftwerkskapazitäten in Bayern über die aktuelle Planunghinaus aufgebaut werden, muss in Zukunft knapp die Hälfte des Strombedarfs nach Bayern importiert werden. Die Ausweitung der Übertragungskapazitäten mittels neuer HGÜ-Leitungen konnte in diesem Zusammenhang als Maßnahmemit Vorteilenidentifiziert werden, da in diesem Fall der Ausgleich innerhalb Deutschlandserleichtert und damit die Gefahr von unterschiedlichen Preiszonen in Deutschland reduziert sowie die Stromversorgung Bayerns zu wettbewerbsfähigen Preisen gewährleistet wird. Der Zubau von weiteren Gaskraftwerken hat auf den ersten Blick nur einen begrenzten Nutzen, da diese Kraftwerke unter derzeitigen Marktbedingungen nur selten eingesetzt würden. Allerdings können sie mit geringem finanziellem Aufwand einen deutlichen Beitrag zur Versorgungssicherheit (sichere Leistungsbereitstellung) leisten. Der Ausbau der Erneuerbaren Energien über die derzeitigen Ziele hinaus bzw. der Einsatz einer Vielzahl von dezentralen Blockheizkraftwerken steht in Verbindung mit vergleichsweise hohen Kostensowie im letzteren Fall zusätzlich mit einem hohen Ausstoß von klimaschädlichen Emissionen in Bayern. In anderen Regionen Europas wird dadurch allerdings die Emission von klimaschädlichen Gasen überproportional reduziert. Beide Möglichkeiten beinhalten zudem Herausforderungender konkreten Umsetzung aufgrund von umfänglichen gesetzlichen Anpassungen und einer großen Anzahl von neu zu installierenden Anlagen. Auch wenn im Rahmen der Studie nur vier Szenarienuntersucht wurden, erlauben die Ergebnisse die Schlussfolgerung, dass vorteilhafte Synergieeffekte in der sinnvollen Kombination eines Ausbaus der Kapazitäten des Übertragungsnetzes, der Erneuerbaren Energien –in Bayern insbesondere der Photovoltaik– und von dezentralen KWK-Anlagen liegen.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • M. Silbernagl
  • Matthias Huber
  • R. Brandenberg

Improving Accuracy and Efficiency of Start-Up Cost Formulations in MIP Unit Commitment by Modeling Power Plant Temperatures

In: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems vol. 31 pg. 2578-2586.

  • (2016)

DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2015.2450776

This paper presents an improved mixed-integer model for the thermal unit commitment problem. By introducing new variables for the temperature of each thermal unit, the off-time-dependent start-up costs are modeled accurately and with a lower integrality gap than state-of-the-art formulations. This new approach significantly improves computational efficiency compared to existing formulations, even if they only model a rough approximation of the start-up costs. Our findings were validated on real-world test cases using CPLEX.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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  • DIGITAL
Zeitschriftenartikel

  • P. Kuhn
  • Matthias Huber
  • J. Dorfner
  • T. Hamacher

Challenges and opportunities of power systems from smart homes to super-grids

In: Ambio vol. 45 pg. 50-62.

  • (2016)

DOI: 10.1007/s13280-015-0733-x

The world’s power systems are facing a structural change including liberalization of markets and integration of renewable energy sources. This paper describes the challenges that lie ahead in this process and points out avenues for overcoming different problems at different scopes, ranging from individual homes to international super-grids. We apply energy system models at those different scopes and find a trade-off between technical and social complexity. Small-scale systems would require technological breakthroughs, especially for storage, but individual agents can and do already start to build and operate such systems. In contrast, large-scale systems could potentially be more efficient from a techno-economic point of view. However, new political frameworks are required that enable long-term cooperation among sovereign entities through mutual trust. Which scope first achieves its breakthrough is not clear yet.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Matthias Huber
  • C. Weissbart

On the optimal mix of wind and solar generation in the future Chinese power system

In: Energy vol. 90 pg. 235-243.

  • (2015)

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.05.146

China is one of the largest and fastest growing economies in the world. Until now, the corresponding growth of electricity consumption has been mainly provided by coal. However, as national reserves are limited and since burning coal leads to severe environmental problems, the employment of alternative sources of energy supply has become an important part of the Chinese energy policy. Recent studies show that wind energy alone could meet all of China's electricity demand. While our results validate these findings with regard to annual production, we look at the hour-by-hour resolution and uncover a major limitation: wind generation will not match the demand at every given point in time. This results in significant periods with over- and undersupply. Our study shows that combining wind and solar generation in the power system reduces overproduction significantly and increases the capacity credit of the combined VRE (variable renewable energy sources). The article demonstrates that up to 70% of VRE comprising 20–30% solar generation in the form of photovoltaics (PV) can be integrated into China's electricity system with moderate storage requirements. We encourage planners to consider those findings in their long-term planning in order to set up a sustainable power system for China at low costs.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • Matthias Huber
  • M. Silbernagl

Modeling start-up times in unit commitment by limiting temperature increase and heating

pg. 1-5.

  • (2015)

DOI: 10.1109/EEM.2015.7216755

The integration of variable renewable energy sources leads to an increased cycling of conventional power plants, necessitating a detailed model of the start-up process. Based on the recently developed temperature formulation for startup costs in Unit Commitment, we model the off-time-dependent start-up times of thermal units by limiting temperature increase and heating. Numerical results indicate that limiting heating speed is more efficient and leads only to a moderate increase in computational time.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Modeling Start-Up Times in Unit Commitment by Limiting Temperature Increase and Heating

In: 12th International Conference on the European Energy Market

Lisbon, Portugal

  • 19.05.2015 (2015)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Matthias Huber
  • A. Roger
  • T. Hamacher

Optimizing long-term investments for a sustainable development of the ASEAN power system

In: Energy vol. 88 pg. 180-193.

  • (2015)

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.04.065

The electricity consumption in the ASEAN (Association of East Asian Nations) region is one of the fastest growing in the world and will lead to a dramatic increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the next decades. A decarbonization of the region's electricity supply is thus a very important measure when taking action on global climate change. This paper defines cost-optimal pathways towards a sustainable power system in the region by employing linear optimization. The proposed model simultaneously optimizes the required capacities and the hourly operation of generation, transmission, and storage. The obtained results show that all different kinds of renewable sources will have to be utilized, while none of them should have a share of more than one third. The findings give reason for setting up an ASEAN power grid, as it enables the transportation of electricity from the best sites to load centers and leads to a balancing of the fluctuations from wind and solar generation. We suggest fostering a diversified extension of renewables and to elaborate on political and technical solutions that enable the build up an transnational supergrid.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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  • DIGITAL
Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Matthias Huber
  • D. Dimkova
  • T. Hamacher

Integration of wind and solar power in Europe: Assessment of flexibility requirements

In: Energy vol. 69 pg. 236-246.

  • (2014)

DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2014.02.109

Flexibility is the ability of a power system to respond to changes in power demand and generation. Integrating large shares of variable renewable energy sources, in particular wind and solar, can lead to a strong increase of flexibility requirements for the complementary system, traditionally hydrothermal, which has to balance the fluctuations of variable generation. We quantify these flexibility requirements at the operational timescale of 1–12 hours and different spatial scales across Europe. Our results indicate that three major factors determine the ramping flexibility needed in future power systems: the penetration of variable renewables, their mix and the geographic system size. Compared to the variability of load, flexibility requirements increase strongly in systems with combined wind and PV (photovoltaics) contribution of more than 30% of total energy and a share of PV in the renewables mix above 20–30%. In terms of extreme ramps, the flexibility requirements of a geographically large, transnational power system are significantly lower than of smaller regional systems, especially at high wind penetration.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
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Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

The German Energy Transition: A Short Introduction and Current Status . Invited lecture

University of Texas Austin, Integrative Graduate Education and Research Training Austin, TX, USA

  • 2014 (2014)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

New Algorithms for the Unit Commitment Problem Based on Power Plant Temperatures . Invited lecture

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Boston, MA, USA

  • 2014 (2014)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Modeling Temperatures in Unit Commitment . Invited lecture

University of Texas Austin, Group of Ross Baldick Austin, TX, USA

  • 2014 (2014)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

The German Energy Transition: Current Trends and Challenges . Invited lecture

Harvard Energy Policy Group Boston, MA, USA

  • 2014 (2014)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Coordinating Smart Homes in Microgrids: A Quantification of Benefits

In: 4th IEEE/PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT Europe)

Copenhagen, Denmark

  • 06.10.2013 (2013)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Power Systems Research - Why We Should Cooperate . Best Presentation Award

In: Munich School of Engineering Colloquium

Garching

  • 2013 (2013)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • B. Neudecker
  • P. Wimmer
  • Matthias Huber
  • T. Hamacher

Economic Assessment of Range Extension Technologies for BEVs in 2020

  • (2013)
This paper focusses on an energy economic analysis of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), specifically investigating their means to extend the driving range on long distance trips in the year 2020. Three range extension technologies – fast charging, battery switching and driving with an on-board micro internal combustion engine – are hereby compared. The implemented simulation tool ZEVS models the particularities of BEVs in 27 European countries, whereby specifically the methodologies for modelling the daily driving habits of medium and long distance trips and the additional power demand for heating (winter) and cooling (summer) are described. The resulting load curves are then incorporated in a further modelling tool, URBS-EU, which simulates a cost minimal power plant portfolio supplying renewable energy to BEV power demand. An in-depth results analysis shows that BEVs with battery switch technology are responsible for the least amount of CO2 emissions, have the lowest primary energy generation costs and integrate renewable energy feed-in most efficiently in comparison to the other two range extension alternatives.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Zeitschriftenartikel

  • Matthias Huber
  • F. Sänger
  • T. Hamacher

Das Post-EEG-Potenzial von Photovoltaik im privaten Strom-und Wärmesektor

In: Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen vol. 63 pg. 57-61.

  • (2013)
Die Förderung der Photovoltaik (PV) wird nach derzeitigen Plänen bei Erreichen des im Juni 2012 eingeführten „Deckels“ von 52 GW installierter Leistung eingestellt. Jedoch könnte der Ausbau auch ohne jegliche Förderung deutlich über diesen Wert hinausgehen. Ermöglicht wird dies durch weitere Kostendegressionen sowie durch eine Fokussierung des Geschäftsmodells für Privathaushalte auf die Maximierung des Stromeigenverbrauchs. Dieser kann durch elektrische Speicher sowie durch die thermische Nutzung von Überschussstrom zur Warmwasserbereitung und Heizungsunterstützung erhöht werden. Für die brei-tere Verwendung elektrischer Speicher ist jedoch zunächst eine erhebliche Kostensenkung auf maximal 500 €/kWh notwendig. Hingegen ist die Nutzung von Überschussstrom im Wärmebereich bereits heute eine wirtschaftliche Alternative und ermöglicht erste subventionsfreie und wirtschaftlich lohnende Anwendungen dezentraler PV-Systeme in Deutschland. Eine aktuelle Studie zeigt, wie sich das „Post-EEG“-Potenzial für die Strom- und Wärmeversorgung im privaten Bereich abschätzen lässt.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Zeitschriftenartikel

  • T. Hamacher
  • Matthias Huber
  • J. Dorfner
  • K. Schaber
  • A. Bradshaw

Nuclear fusion and renewable energy forms: Are they compatible?

In: Fusion Engineering and Design vol. 88 pg. 657-660.

  • (2013)

DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2013.01.074

Nuclear fusion can be considered as a base-load power plant technology: High investment costs and limited operational flexibility require continuous operation. Wind and solar, on the other hand, as the putative main pillars of a future renewable energy system, are intermittent power sources. The resulting variations that occur on many different time scales require at first sight a rather flexible back-up system to balance this stochastic behavior. Fusion would appear not to be well suited for this task. The situation changes, however, if a large-scale renewable energy system is envisaged based on a transnational, or even transcontinental power grid. The present paper discusses a possible European power system in the year 2050 and beyond. A high percentage share of renewable energies and a strong power grid spanning the whole of Europe and involving neighboring countries, in particular those in North Africa, are assumed. The linear programming model URBS is used to describe the power system. The model optimizes the overall system costs and simulates power plant operation with an hourly resolution for one whole year. The geographical resolution is at least at the country level. The renewable technologies are modeled first on a more local level and then summed together at the country or regional level. The results indicate that the smoothing effects of the large-scale power grid transform the intermittent renewable supply, which is then more compatible with base-load power plants such as fusion reactors.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • Matthias Huber
  • F. Sanger
  • T. Hamacher

Coordinating smart homes in microgrids: A quantification of benefits

pg. 1-5.

  • (2013)

DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2013.6695357

A growing number of households are seeking energy autonomy and economic benefits by installing micro-CHP and PV generators, as well as battery storage units in their so-called smart homes. An option to further increase benefits, is to install a community microgrid and coordinate smart homes intelligently. To quantify this increase, we apply numerical simulations using real-world data for household loads in a temporal resolution of 15-minutes. In systems consisting of CHP-units, the degree of electricity autonomy rises from 50% to 80% through installing a microgrid, allowing lucrative CHP operation. In PV-based systems, the benefits are fewer and if battery storage is installed additionally, they almost disappear completely. As a consequence, intelligently managed microgrids are as valuable option for the integration of microgeneration as long as decentralized battery storage is not profitable and thus not employed.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • H. Mangesius
  • S. Hirche
  • Matthias Huber
  • T. Hamacher

A framework to quantify technical flexibility in power systems based on reliability certificates

pg. 1-5.

  • (2013)

DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2013.6695460

Power systems are increasingly stressed by variable and unpredictable generation from various sources. We identify the qualitative framework of flexibility as an adequate tool to specify requirements that allow the system to handle this variability. An open problem is the quantification of technical flexibility that incorporates limitations from transmission system and component behavior in contrast to existing copper plate supply and demand balance approaches. We develop such a quantitative method for single components on the basis of a priori specified reliability criteria. Our framework bases on a combined static power flow and small signal stability analysis. In a perturbative approach we derive sensitivity-based formula for eigenvalue variations under nonlinear changes of steady power flow set points. To this end, we define rigorously the terms flexibility metric and technical flexibility of single components. We provide an algorithmic procedure for computation of tolerance ranges of individual system components such that the overall behavior remains reliable.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Combining LP and MIP approaches to model the impacts of renewable energy generation on individual thermal power plant operation

In: 2013 IEEE General Meeting Power & Energy Society

Vancouver, BC, Canada

  • 21.07.2013 (2013)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • Matthias Huber
  • T. Hamacher
  • C. Ziems
  • H. Weber

Combining LP and MIP approaches to model the impacts of renewable energy generation on individual thermal power plant operation

pg. 1-5.

  • (2013)

DOI: 10.1109/PESMG.2013.6672804

A common method of modeling the operation of power plants in competitive electricity markets is mixed integer programing (MIP). Despite the advantages of the method, it requires solving an NP-hard problem. Modeling all of Europe with several thousand power plants thus would take enormous computational power. In order to reduce problem complexity in this large scale system, while still including detailed behavior of individual plants, we develop an approach where MIP is applied only to focus regions that are analyzed in detail combined with a linear programming model (LP) of all other regions. This combination allows for the prediction of impacts of renewable integration all over Europe on individual power plants in Germany. The results indicate that operational hours of thermal power plants will go down significantly, while the number of start-ups will increase. In order to avoid curtailments of renewable power, enhancements in power plant flexibility will be inevitable.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Vortrag

  • Matthias Huber

Strom aus der Wüste - brauchen wir das?

In: Tag der Offenen Tür der TU München

Garching

  • 2013 (2013)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • NACHHALTIG
  • DIGITAL
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • Matthias Huber
  • A. Trippe
  • P. Kuhn
  • T. Hamacher

Effects of large scale EV and PV integration on power supply systems in the context of Singapore

pg. 1-8.

  • (2012)

DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2012.6465831

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a key technology to reduce dependency on oil imports as well as to diminish environmental effects of individual transportation. Especially in megacities like Singapore where travel distances are moderate, this new mode of transportation is often discussed as a future option. This paper investigates possible effects of large scale EV integration on the power supply system. A unit commitment model combined with an integrated approach for smart charging is used. The mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulated unit commitment algorithm cooptimizes energy, regulation, and spinning reserve power. The effects of different charging strategies on the power plant scheduling are analyzed. The power system infrastructure is kept at status quo in a baseline scenario and extended to future scenarios with intermittent photovoltaics (PV) power. Effects on power plants scheduling are evaluated by measuring resulting variable cost of electricity as well as CO 2 -emissions. Moreover, effects of EVs providing regulation and spinning reserve by controllable charging are investigated.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Bericht/Report

  • Matthias Huber
  • J. Dorfner
  • T. Hamacher

Electricity System Optimization in the EUMENA Region . Technischer Bericht im Auftrag der dii GmbH, München

Lehrstuhl für Energiewirtschaft und Anwendungstechnik

  • 2012 (2012)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • M. Beer
  • Matthias Huber
  • W. Mauch

Flexible Operation of Cogeneration Plants - Chances for the Integration of Renewables

  • (2010)
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG
Beitrag in Sammelwerk/Tagungsband

  • S. Roon
  • Matthias Huber

Modeling Spot Market Pricing with the Residual Load

pg. 1-18.

  • (2010)
In this paper the effects of increasing feed-in of renewable energy sources on the spot market prices are assessed. The electricity prices are mainly determined by the consumer load (demand) and the respective marginal cost of the power plant fleet (supply). The efficiency and the fuel prices (including the costs for emission allowances) are the main factors for the marginal costs of power plants. It does not matter whether the feed-in of RES is modeled as supply without marginal cost or is subtracted from the consumer load. Decisive for the price is the load that has to be covered by conventional power plants, the so defined residual load. An observable correlation with coefficients of determination from 0.54 to 0.77 between the residual load and the spot market prices was shown in a linear regression in the years from 2007 - 2009. Interestingly, taking into account more data than consumer load and wind power feed-in for calculating the residual load does not lead to higher coefficients of determination in the years from 2007 to 2009. Hence, for price correlation analysis it is sufficient to model the residual load by the consumer load minus the feed-in of wind in the near future. However, for scenario calculations, we recommend considering the load of PV as well. Moreover, it is important to be aware that a change in power plant fleet is not regarded. The slope of the normalized spot market price over residual load is about 0.082 per GW Residual Load. That means that the feed-in of 1 GWh must-run power, e.g. wind, leads to a spot market price reduction of 2.33 €/MWh (assuming the mean natural gas price in 2008 of 28 €/MWh). The isolated analysis of the impact of changing the residual load from 2008 to 2020 shows a higher deviation in prices and a mean price reduction of 15 €/MWh. Changes in fuel prices and in the power plant fleet are not considered in this estimation.
  • Europan Campus Rottal-Inn
  • DIGITAL
  • NACHHALTIG

Kernkompetenzen

  • Energiewirtschaft
  • Nachhaltige Energiesysteme
  • Modellierung und Optimierung von Energiesystemen
  • Intelligente Infrastruktur und intelligente Gebäude

Vita

Siemens AG, Corporate Technology Ifo Institut, Zentrum für Energie, Klima und Ressourcen TU München, Lehrstuhl für Erneuerbare Energiesysteme Forschungsaufenthalte in Stanford, UT Austin, NTU Singapore